Screen Randomly Scrambles Not Bootup

I've been trying to find an issue for, but so far I have not found a thread anywhere on the internet that even addressed my problem precisely. Occasionally, usually after my computer has been running awhile, my screen will randomly scramble up, and parts of it will become inoperable. There are no "black lines" going across the screen, and my screen hasn't "rotated"; parts of the screen shift up, down, left, or right, but nothing is covered by lines or rotated. I don't believe this to be a problem with my monitor. My reason to believe this is because sometimes, when I open a folder from my desktop, Windows Explorer (explorer.exe) will crash and restart, and after that happens the problem is gone.

If the folder opens and explorer doesn't crash, then the only way I could fix this was to reboot, and after that it would be fine. By the way, when I open the folder, the window is completely black, and I cannot blindly click on the files nor can I rummage through them with my keyboard, etc. Another thing that this affects is the start menu. When I click the start menu, it is completely grey and partially transparent, like the top line of an explorer window (if settings are set to make it transparent). From there, I cannot select any file or option to open, and I cannot shut down, hibernate, log off, etc. from there. Basically, I want to know what is causing this to happen, how to prevent it, and what to do (other than reboot or force restart explorer.exe) when this happens again.